Архитектурная графика

Forty years ago, the first edition of this text introduced students to the range of graphic tools, techniques, and conventions designers use to communicate architectural ideas. The prime objective behind its original formation and subsequent revisions was to provide a clear, concise, and illustrative guide to the creation and use of architectural graphics. While retaining the clarity and visual approach of the earlier editions, this sixth edition of Architectural Graphicsis unique in its use of digital media to convey and clarify the essential principles of graphic communication.Advances in computer technology have significantly altered the process of architectural drawing and design.

Current graphics applications range from 2D drawing programs to 3D modelers and Building Information Modeling (BIM) software that aid in the design and representation of buildings, from small houses to large and complex structures. It is therefore important to acknowledge the unique opportunities and challenges digital tools offer in the production of architectural graphics. Whether a drawing is executed by hand or developed with the aid of a computer, however, the standards and judgments governing the effective communication of design ideas in architecture remain the same.

The overall chapter organization remains the same as in the fifth edition. Chapters 1 and 2 introduce the essential tools and techniques of drawing and drafting. While digital tools can augment traditional techniques, the tactile, kinesthetic process of crafting lines on a sheet of paper with a pen or pencil remains the most sensible medium for learning the graphic language of drawing.Chapter 3 introduces the three principal systems of pictorial representation— multiview, paraline, and perspective drawings—and analyzes in a comparative manner the unique viewpoints afforded by each system.

Chapters 4 through 6 then focus on the principles and standards governing the conventions and uses of each of the three drawing systems, concepts that apply whether an architectural graphic is created manually or digitally.The language of architectural graphics relies on the power of a composition of lines to convey the illusion of a three-dimensional construction or spatial environment on a two-dimensional surface, be it a sheet of paper or a computer screen. While digital technology may have altered the way we input information and create perspective, paraline, and orthographic projections, a fundamental understanding of what each of the three drawing systems conveys is required of all designers. Each drawing system provides a limited view of what we are designing and representing. And an appreciation for what these viewpoints reveal—and conceal—remains indispensable in the design process.